Review of advanced materials technology for targeted and sustained drug delivery with the aim of developing a roadmap

Document Type : Review Article

Author

Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Ali Officers' University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The growing complexity of modern medicine necessitates advanced drug delivery systems (DDS) that surpass the limitations of conventional methods in safety, efficacy, and personalization. This review examines innovative materials, including lipid nanoparticles, hydrogels, dendrimers, metal–organic frameworks, exosomes, silica nanoparticles, and stimuli-responsive polymers, and their potential to achieve targeted, controlled, and responsive drug release. Their biocompatibility, drug-loading efficiency, targeting specificity, and translational readiness have been assessed based on recent literature and clinical data. Furthermore, a five-phase roadmap (2025–2045) has been proposed, outlining the anticipated evolution of drug delivery systems from material optimization and hybrid nanosystems to AI-driven design, clinical translation, and sustainable bio-integrated platforms. Emerging technologies, like CRISPR-gated hydrogels, magnetothermal brain tumor delivery, and exosome-based RNA therapies, are highlighted as key drivers of future innovation. Despite significant promise, challenges remain in regulatory alignment, scalability, and long-term safety. This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and strategic investment to translate laboratory breakthroughs into real-world solutions, thereby paving the way for precision medicine, equitable access, and sustainable therapeutic delivery.

Graphical Abstract

Review of advanced materials technology for targeted and sustained drug delivery with the aim of developing a roadmap

Highlights

  • Emerging biomaterials enable precise, controlled drug delivery with reduced toxicity.
  • DDS roadmap (2025–2045) outlines innovation phases from lab discovery to real-world use.
  • Hybrid systems and AI tools enhance targeting, release control, and therapeutic response.
  • CRISPR-gated hydrogels and smart exosomes unlock new frontiers in gene-based therapy.
  • Scalable, sustainable DDS aim to ensure equitable access to advanced medical treatments.

Keywords

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by IROST.

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Journal of Particle Science and Technology
Volume 11, Issue 1
June 2025
Pages 11-25

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  • Receive Date: 22 May 2025
  • Revise Date: 12 July 2025
  • Accept Date: 12 July 2025

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