Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
Effect of surface-functionalization of Na+-montmorillonite nanoclay using 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane on the mechanical properties of E-glass chopped strand mat/epoxy composites
59
65
EN
Ali
Feiz
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
a.feyz.eng@gmail.com
Hamed
Khosravi
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
hkhosravi@eng.usb.ac.ir
Esmaeil
Tohidlou
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
etohidlou@eng.usb.ac.ir
10.22104/jpst.2018.2915.1125
In the present work, Na<sup>+</sup>-montmorillonite nanoclay (Na-MMT) was functionalized using 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) as a coupling agent. The covalent functionalization of MMT was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In the specimen fabrication stage, 5 wt% of pristine MMT or silane-functionalized MMT (f-MMT) were incorporated into an epoxy system and the resultant mixture was applied on an E-glass chopped strand mat (CSM). A significant enhancement in the mechanical behavior (tensile and flexural properties) of CSM/epoxy composite was observed when enhanced with 5 wt% of f-MMT. The addition of 5 wt% of f-MMT enhanced the tensile strength, flexural strength, tensile modulus, and flexural modulus by 18%, 38%, 18%, and 28%, respectively. Compared to the MMT/CSM/epoxy composite, the f-MMT/CSM/epoxy specimen demonstrated 12%, 18%, 11%, and 16% increase, respectively, in the tensile strength, flexural strength, tensile modulus, and flexural modulus. The observed behavior is related to the enhanced interfacial interaction between f-MMT and the epoxy matrix due to the chemical functionalization of MMT.
Na+-montmorillonite nanoclay,Surface functionalization,Epoxy-based composite,mechanical properties,Interfacial bonding
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_678.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_678_e60618d11949457afa8bc8b932fa7ffa.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
Fe3O4@SiO2–SO3H Nanoparticles: An efficient magnetically retrievable catalyst for esterification reactions
67
79
EN
Zeynab
Shahedi
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
z_shahedi68@yahoo.com
Yagoub
Mansoori
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
ya_mansoori@yahoo.com
10.22104/jpst.2018.2811.1117
In this study, magnetite nanoparticles were obtained from Fe(II) and Fe(III) salts in an alkaline medium. The nanoparticles were then protected from oxidation by a silica shell formed by the sol-gel method using tetraethoxy orthosilicate (TEOS) in an EtOH/H<sub>2</sub>O mixture. The synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>-SO<sub>3</sub>H magnetic nanocatalyst was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Hammett acidity function and pH analysis as well as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement (SBET). Finally, the esterification reaction of phthalic anhydride, mono- and dicarboxylic acids with various alcohols was chosen to show the catalytic activity of the magnetic nanocatalyst. The reaction conditions were optimized and catalyst recovery was also demonstrated. The nanocatalyst was magnetically separated and reused several times without significant loss of activity.
heterogeneous catalyst,Core-shell magnetic solid acid,Esterification
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_715.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_715_f7e3dd86bf27a45d39d22d9f749cf602.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
Interpreting the effect of operating variable, seed, and impurity on the induction time of silver nanoparticles precipitation by cluster coagulation models
81
90
EN
Negin
Hatami
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Jomhoori Blvd., Kerman, Iran
hataminegin@yahoo.com
Sattar
Ghader
0000-0002-1089-0866
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Jomhoori Blvd., Kerman, Iran
sattarghader@yahoo.com
10.22104/JPST.2018.2676.1108
This paper reports the effect of temperature, presence of impurity (Fe<sup>3+</sup>), and crystal seed on the induction time of silver nanoparticles. In this study, Ag precipitation was achieved by solution reduction and the experimental induction time was measured by monitoring the absorption of the solution after creation of supersaturation. Experimental induction time was compared to the cluster coagulation models (the Smoluchowski model and its’ variation cluster coagulation model) and the conclusion is that the conventional Smoluchowski coagulation model works better than the modified version.
Silver nanoparticles,Induction time,Cluster coagulation model,coagulation theory
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_714.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_714_2a3e8fddb8ebeb81bfc444f5773a3229.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
Effects of local vibration on silo discharge and jamming: Employing an experimental approach
91
100
EN
Akbar
Jafari
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
jafari@sirjantech.ac.ir
Ali
Abolghandi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
akbar_jafarij@yahoo.com
Arash
Gharibi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
jafari.akbar@gmail.com
Mohammad Vahid
Khalili Parizi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
akbr_jafarij@yahoo.com
Ali
Begheri Jamebozorgi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
jafari_akbar@yahoo.com
10.22104/JPST.2019.2844.1120
Blockage is a common problem in many practical silo applications, and vibration seems to be a practical solution to overcome this problem. An experimental setup was developed to observe the effects of different vibrational parameters on vibrator anti-jamming efficiency. The silo was made of transparent plates to provide the possibility of watching the materials inside it. The outlet mass was recorded on a computer via a weighing load cell. The vibrator was installed at different locations on the silo walls to reveal effects of the vibrator position on its efficiency to prevent jamming. Moreover, relevant tests were conducted to reveal the effects of the vibration frequency. A vibrometer instrument with contacting probe was employed to measure the local vibration characteristics. The measured data was used to identify the vibration dimensionless acceleration. It was concluded that the location of the vibrator significantly affects its anti-jamming ability. Furthermore, it was observed that the vibration frequency and acceleration influence the impact of the vibration to prevent the silo jamming to some extent. It was observed that while the vibration does not influence the instant discharge rate it does considerably affects the average rate.
Silo,Vibration,Jamming,Blockage,Discharge
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_786.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_786_e506b5ae5d11c0ff32b7177e17676708.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in water solution using Sr-doped ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles
101
109
EN
Morteza
Ziyaadini
Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science, Chabahar Maritime University, Iran
m.ziyaadini@cmu.ac.ir
Mir Mahdi
Zahedi
Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science, Chabahar Maritime University, Iran
idm.m.zahedi@gmail.com
Azadeh
Dehghan-Rahimi
Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Science, Chabahar Maritime University, Iran
a.dehghanrahimi1369@gmail.com
10.22104/JPST.2018.2877.1122
ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Sr-doped ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sub> </sub>nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation using ammonia as precipitating agent, followed by thermal treatment at 700°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were employed to clarify the structure and morphology of the samples. In addition, the presence of Sr in Sr-doped <span>ZnAl</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span><sub>4 </sub>NPs was further evidenced from energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The Photocatalytic activity of ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>and Sr-doped ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4 </sub>nanoparticles were evaluated in the photo-catalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in aqueous media under the UV irradiation technique. The effect of various parameters, including catalyst dosage, 2,4-DCP concentration, pH, and temperature, on the degradation of 2,4-DCP was investigated. With 0.6 wt% Sr doped ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> samples after 60 min irradiation, 100% of 2,4-DCP photodegradation was observed in acidic conditions, while with undoped ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sub> </sub>samples only 67% 2,4-DCP was removed upon UV irradiation for 200 min. The reusability of the catalyst was examined under optimized conditions. The results demonstrate that Sr-doped ZnAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles exhibit considerably high catalytic stability with more than 90% degradation after the third catalytic cycle.
Sr-Doped ZnAl2O4 nanoparticles,Photocatalytic degradation,2,4-Dichlorophenol
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_787.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_787_ab56ea14b99f2f9a3170c327819406be.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
4
2
2018
10
01
A novel application of Co3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite as an efficient and robust catalyst for the preparation of some imidazolone derivatives
111
117
EN
Taleb
Asadi
Department of Chemistry, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, PO Box 37491-13191, Iran
taleb.asadi1397@gmail.com
Mohammad Ali
Ghasemzadeh
0000-0002-8309-6727
Department of Chemistry, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, PO Box 37491-13191, Iran
ghasemzadeh@qom-iau.ac.ir
Manoochehr
Fadaeian
Department of Chemistry, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, PO Box 37491-13191, Iran
fadaeian_m@yahoo.com
10.22104/jpst.2019.3091.1132
In the present work, a simple, green and efficient procedure for the synthesis of imidazolone derivatives is described via the reaction of oxazolones and different arylamines in the presence of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions at 90°C. The catalyst has been fully analyzed by FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, and XRD analysis. The present method offers several advantages such as high yields, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions and recoverability of the catalyst. In addition, the obtained heterocyclic compounds were analyzed by FT-IR and <sup>1</sup>HNMR spectroscopy analysis.
Imidazolone,Co3O4@SiO2,Nanocomposite,Oxazolone,Catalyst
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_788.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_788_4380c299fc1a23c4415ae5c95697100a.pdf