ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of pure liquids using dimensional analysis
The pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of pure liquids were experimentally measured on a horizontal bar heater at atmospheric pressure. These measurements were conducted for more than three hundred data in thermal currents up to 350 kW.m-2. Original correlations and the unique effect of these correlations on experimental data were discussed briefly. According to the analysis, a new empirical relationship implying a performance superior to other available correlations is presented.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_583_fdede2678fe2d889b00ce2805d981045.pdf
2017-07-31
63
69
10.22104/jpst.2017.2098.1076
pool boiling
Heat transfer
atmosphere pressure
heat transfer coefficient
Ahmadreza
Zahedipoor
ahmad.zahedipoor@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Faramarzi
faramarzi.iaug@gmail.com
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shahab
Eslami
shahabeslami7@gmail.com
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
AUTHOR
Asadollah
Malekzadeh
asad.malekzadeh@gmail.com
4
Department of Chemical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] S. Kutateladze, Heat Transfer and Hydrodynamic Resistance, Energoatomizdat Publishing HOUSE, (1990).
1
[2] M.J. McNelly, A Correlation of rates of heat transfer to nucleate boiling of liquids, J. Imperial College Chem. Eng. Soc. 7 (1953) 18–34.
2
[3] I.L. Mostinski, Application of the rule of corresponding states for calculation of heat transfer and critical heat flux, Teploenergetika (Therm. Eng.+) 4 (1963) 66.
3
[4] Boyko-Kruzhilin, Perry’s Chemical Engineering Handbook, 7th ed., (1997) pp. 419.
4
[5] D.A. Labantsov, Mechanism of vapor bubble growth in boiling under on the heating surface, J. Eng. Phys. 6 (1963) 33-39.
5
[6] K. Stephan, K.Abdelsalam, Heat transfer correlation for natural convection boiling, Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 23 (1980) 73-87.
6
[7] D. Gorenflo, Pool boiling, VDI Heat Atlas, 1st English ed., Springer, (1993) pp. 776 -926.
7
[8] S.A. Alavi Fazel, R. Roumana, Pool Boiling Heat Transfer to Pure Liquids, International Conference on Continuum Mechanics Fluids Heat, WSEAS Mech. Eng. Se. (2010) 211-216.
8
[9] M.M. Sarafraz, Experimental Investigation on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer to Formic Acid, Propanol and 2-Butanol Pure Liquids under the Atmospheric Pressure, J. Appl. Fluid Mech. 6 (2013) 73-79.
9
[10] W.M. Rohsenow, A method of correlating heat transfer data for surface boiling of liquids, ASME J.Heat Trans. 74 (1952) 969-976.
10
[11] K. Nishikawa, Effect of the surface roughness on the NucleateBoiling HeatTransfer on theWideRange of Pressure, Proceedings of the 7th International Heat Transfer Conference, Germany, 4 (1982) pp.1-6.
11
[12] K. Nishikawa, Y. Fujita, H. Ohta, S. Hitaka, Effects of system pressure and surface roughness on nucleate boiling heat transfer, Memoirs of the faculty of engineering, Kyushu University, 42 (1982) 95-123.
12
[13] M.G. Cooper, Saturation nucleate pool boiling-a simple correlation, Proc. Int. Chem. Eng. Symposium (1984) 786-793.
13
[14] S.A. Alavi Fazel, A.A. Safekordi, M. Jamialahmadi, Pool boiling heat transfer coefficient in water-amines solutions, Int. J. Eng. Trans. A 21 (2008) 113-130.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Gamma irradiation induced surface modification of silk fabrics for antibacterial application
Silk fabrics were modified by a treatment of silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizer then exposure to γ-irradiation to create antibacterial properties. Effects of the absorbed dose on treated fabrics were investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to confirm the presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the fabric. The treated fabrics should have enhanced thermal stability due to the presence of AgNPs. The treated silk fabric was examined for its antibacterial activity toward various types of bacteria. The AgNPs-treated silk fabrics demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This work opens the door for production of specific AgNPs-silk as a type of textile in the antibacterial domain.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_570_487fce543549f233fee86b16604c5ce8.pdf
2017-07-01
71
77
10.22104/jpst.2017.2090.1074
Silk
silver nanoparticle
Antibacterial activity
Surface modification
γ-Irradiation
Sahar
El Sayed
saharelsayed11@gmail.com
1
Department of Radiation Chemistry, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, P. N.13759, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Amal
El-Naggar
amalelnaggar@yahoo.com
2
Department of Radiation Chemistry, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, P. N.13759, Cairo, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Sayeda
Ibrahim
sayda.ibrahim@yahoo.com
3
Department of Radiation Chemistry, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, P. N.13759, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
[1] D.M. Phillips, L.F. Drummy, D.G. Conrady, D.M. Fox, R.R. Naik, M.O. Stone, P.C. Trulove, H.C. De Long, R.A. Mantz, Dissolution and regeneration Bombyx mori Silk fibroin using ionic liquids, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 (2004) 14350-14351.
1
[2] H.J. Jin, J. Park, R. Cebe, P. Valluzzi, D.L. Kaplan, Biomaterial films of Bom-byx mori silk fibroin with poly(ethylene oxide), Biomacromolecules 5 (2004) 711-717.
2
[3] G. Arai, G.M. Colonna, E. Scotti, A. Boschi, R. Murakami, M.T. Tsukada, Absorption of metal cations by modified B. mori silk and preparation of fabrics with antimicrobial activity, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 80 (2001) 297-303.
3
[4] V. Scognamiglio, Nanotechnology in glucose monitoring: advances and challenges in the last 10 years, Biosens. Bioelectron. 47 (2013) 12-25.
4
[5] Z.S. Lu, C.X. Guo, H.B. Yang, Y. Qiao, J. Guo, C.M. Li, One-step aqueous synthesis of graphene-CdTe quantum dot-composed nanosheet and its enhanced photoresponses, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 353 (2011) 588-592.
5
[6] Z.S. Lu, W.H. Hu, H.F. Bao, Y. Qiao, C.M. Li, Interaction mechanisms of CdTe quantum dots with proteins possessing different isoelectric points, Med. Chem. Commun. 2 (2011) 283286.
6
[7]Z.S.Lu,C.M.Li,Quantumdot-basednanocomposites for biomedical applications, Curr. Med. Chem. 18 (2011) 3516-3528.
7
[8] Z.S. Lu, C.M. Li, H.F. Bao, Y. Qiao, Q.L. Bao, Photophysical mechanism for quantum dots- induced bacterial growth inhibition, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 9 (2009) 3252-3255.
8
[9] Z.S. Lu, C.M. Li, H.F. Bao, Y. Qiao, Y. Toh, X. Yang, Mechanism of antimicrobial activity of CdTe quantum dots, Langmuir 24 (2008) 5445-5452.
9
[10] E. Amato, Y.A. Diaz-Fernandez, A. Taglietti, P. Pallavicini, L. Pasotti, L. Cucca, C. Milanese, P. Grisoli, C. Dacarro, J.M. Fernandez-Hechavarria, Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria of biomimetically coated silver nanoparticles, Langmuir 27 (2011) 9165-9173.
10
[11] L.Y. Guo, W.Y. Yuan, S. Lu, C.M. Li, Polymer/ nanosilver composite coatings for antibacterial applications, Colloid Surface A 439 (2013) 69-83.
11
[12] W.D. Yu, T. Kuzuya, S. Hirai, Y. Tamada, K. Sawada, T. Iwasa, Preparation of Ag nanoparticle dispersed silk fibroin compact, Appl. Surf. Sci. 262 (2012) 212-217.
12
[13] L. He, S.Y. Gao, H. Wu, X.P. Liao, Q. He, B. Shi, Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles stabilized on tannin grafted collagen fiber, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 32 (2012) 1050-1056.
13
[14]J.J. Wu, G.J. Lee, Y.S. Chen, T.L. Hu, The synthesis of nano silver/polypropylene plasticsfor antibacterial application, Curr. Appl. Phys. 12 (2012) S89-S95.
14
[15] R. Bhattacharya, P. Mukherjee, Biological properties of “naked” metal nanoparticles, Adv. DrugDeliver. Rev. 60 (2008) 1289-1306.
15
[16] S. Shahidi and J. Wiener, Antimicrobial AgentsChapter 19: Antibacterial Agents in Textile Industry; InTech: Rijeka, Crotia, 2012, pp. 387-406.
16
[17] Y. Gao, R. Cranston, Recent advances in antimicrobial treatments of textiles, Text. Res. J. 78 (2008) 60-72.
17
[18]J. Hasan, R.J. Crawford, E.P. Ivanova,Antibacterial surfaces: The quest for a new generation of biomaterials, Trends Biotechnol. 31 (2013) 295-304.
18
[19] B. Simoncic, B. Tomsic, Structures of novel antimicrobial agents for textiles-A review, Text. Res. J. 80 (2010) 1721-1737.
19
[20] H. Palza, Antimicrobial polymers with metal nanoparticles, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16 (2015) 2099-2116.
20
[21] D. Zhang, G.W. Toh, H. Lin, Y.Y. Chen, In situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on silk fabric with PNP for antibacterial finishing, J. Mater. Sci. 47 (2012) 5721-5728.
21
[22] S. Tangbunsuk, G.R. Whittell, M.G. Ryadnov, G.W.M. Vandermeulen, D.N. Woolfson, I. Manners, Metallopolymer-peptide hybrid materials: Synthesis andSelf-AssemblyofFunctional,PolyferrocenylsilaneTetrapeptide Conjugates, Chem.-Eur. J. 18 (2012) 2524-2535.
22
[23] X.M. Wang, W.R. Gao, S.P. Xu, W.Q. Xu, Luminescent fibers: in situ synthesis of silver nanoclusters on silk via ultraviolet light-induced reduction and their antibacterial activity, Chem. Eng. J. 210 (2012) 585-589.
23
[24] A.R. Abbasi, A. Morsali, Influence of various reduction reagents on the morphological properties of Ag nanoparticles@silk fiber prepared using sonochemical method, J. Inorg. Organomet. P. 21 (2011) 369-375.
24
[25] S.T. Dubas, P. Kimlangdudsana, P. Potiyaraj, Layer-by-layer deposition of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles on textile fibers, Colloid. Surface. A 289 (2006) 105-109.
25
[26] P. Gupta, M. Bajpai, S.K. Bajpai, Investigation of antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticle-loaded poly (acrylamide-co-itaconic acid)-grafted cotton fabric, J. Cotton Sci. 12 (2008) 280-286.
26
[27] M. Mirjalili, N. Yaghmaei1, M. Mirjalili, Antibacterial properties of nano silver finish cellulose fabric, J. Nanostruct. Chem. 3 (2013) 43.
27
[28] A.I. Wasif, S.K. Laga, Use of nano silver as an antimicrobial agent for cotton, AUTEX Res. J. 9 (2009) 5-13.
28
[29] IAEA: Elemental analysis of biological materials, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Technical Reports series No. 197 (1980) 379.
29
[30] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk Susceptibility Tests; Approved Standard-Ninth Edition, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute document M2-A9 (ISBN 1-56238-586-0), 940 West Valley Road, Suite 1400, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087-1898 USA, 2006.
30
[31] I. Perelshtein, G.Applerot, N. Perkas, Sonochemical coating ofsilver nanoparticles on textile fabrics(nylon, polyester and cotton) and their antibacterial activity and their antibacterial activity , Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 245705.
31
[32] B. Liu, W.Z. Chen, S.W. Jin, Synthesis, structural characterization, and luminescence of new silver aggregates containing shortAg-Ag contactsstabilized by functionalized bis (N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands, Organometallics 26 (2007) 3660-3667.
32
[33] Q. Lu, X. Hu, X.Q. Wang, J.A. Kluge, S.Z. Lu, P. Cebe, D.L. Kaplan, Water-insoluble silk films with silk I structure, Acta Biomater., 6 (2010) 1380-1387.
33
[34] X. Zou, E. Ying, S. Dong, Preparation of novel silver gold bimetallic nanostructures by seeding with silver nanoplates and application in surface enhanced Raman scattering, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 306 (2007) 307-315.
34
[35] X.X. Feng, L.L. Zhang, J.Y. Chen, Y.H. Guo, H.P. Zhang, C.I. Jia, Preparation and characterization of novel nanocomposite films formed from silk fibroin and nano-TiO2, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 40 (2007) 105-111.
35
[36] L. Piao, K.H. Lee, B.K. Min, W. Kim, Y.R. Do, S. Yoon, A facile synthetic method of silver nanoparticles with a continuous size range from sub10 nm to 40 nm, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 32 (2011) 117-121.
36
[37] F. Chen, Y. Liu, R.E. Wasylishen, Z.H. Kuznicki, Solid-state NMR and TGA studies of silver reduction in chabazite, J. Nanosci. Nanotechno. 12 (2012) 1988-1993.
37
[38] M.A.M. Khan, S. Kumar, M. Ahamed, S.A. Alrokayan, M.S.AlSalhi, Structural and thermalstudies of silver nanoparticles and electrical transport study of their thin film, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 6 (2011) 434.
38
[39] S.A. Khan, A. Ahmad, M.I. Khan, M. Yusuf, M. Shahid, N. Manzoor, F. Mohammad, Antimicrobial activity of wool yarn dyed with Rheum emodi L. (Indian Rhubarb), Dyes Pigments 95 (2012) 206-214.
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A comparative study of malachite green removal from an aqueous solution using raw and chemically modified expanded perlite
Adsorption of malachite green (MG) from an aqueous solution onto unexpanded perlite (UP), expanded perlite (EP) and NaOH-modified unexpanded perlite (NaOH-UP) powders has been investigated. The effects of contact time, pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage and temperature have been evaluated. The adsorbents were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results proved that the three examined powders can be used successfully for removal of MG from aqueous solutions as low cost mineral adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacities of UP, EP and NaOH-UP were 23.81 mg/g, 29.41 mg/g and 39.68 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic studies show that the kinetics of the MG adsorption onto the adsorbents followed the second order model. The MG equilibrium adsorption data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model for all adsorbents.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_597_1bde79171b86d585a6bb7a00c40b256b.pdf
2017-07-31
79
87
10.22104/jpst.2017.2115.1078
Modified perlite
Isotherm
Malachite green
Adsorption
Elahe
Rostami
erostami@chemeng.iust.ac.ir
1
School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Norouzbeigi
norouzbeigi@iust.ac.ir
2
School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmad
Rahbar-Kelishami
ahmadrahbar@iust.ac.ir
3
School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] X. Zhang, H. Yu, H. Yang, Y. Wan, H. Hu, Z. Zhai, J. Qin, Graphene oxide caged in cellulose microbeads for removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 437 (2015) 277-282.
1
[2] S. Hajati, M. Ghaedi, S. Yaghoubi, Cheap and nontoxic activated carbon as efficient adsorbent for the simultaneous removal of cadmium ions and malachite green: Optimization by surface response methodology, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 21 (2014) 760-767.
2
[3] M. Ghaedi, E. Shojaeipour,A.M. Ghaedi, R. Sahraei, Isotherm and kinetics study of malachite green adsorption onto copper nanowires loaded on activated carbon: Artificial neural network modeling and genetic algorithm optimization, Spectrochim. Acta A-M. 142 (2015) 135-149.
3
[4] B.H. Hameed, M.I. El-Khaiary, Kinetics and equilibrium studies of malachite green adsorption on rice straw-derived char, J. Hazard. Mater. 153 (2008) 701-708.
4
[5] F.I. Khattab, S.M. Riad, M.R. Rezk, M.K. Abd El-Rahman, H.M. Marzouk, A single novel PVC membrane for dual determination of sulphadimethoxine and malachite green in aquatic environment, Arab. J. Chem. 8 (2015) 787-792.
5
[6] A.A. Fallah, A. Barani, Determination of malachite green residues in farmed rainbow trout in Iran, Food Control, 40 (2014) 100-105.
6
[7] M. Roosta, M. Ghaedi, N. Shokri, A. Daneshfar, R. Sahraei, A. Asghari, Optimization of the combined ultrasonic assisted/adsorption method for the removal of malachite green by gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon: Experimental design, Spectrochim. Acta A-M. 118 (2014) 55-65.
7
[8] G.H. Sonawane, V.S. Shrivastava, Kinetics of decolourization of malachite green from aqueous medium by maize cob (Zea maize): An agricultural solid waste, Desalination, 247 (2009) 430-441.
8
[9] L. Leng, X. Yuan, G. Zeng, J. Shao, X. Chen, Z. Wu, H. Wang, X. Peng, Surface characterization of rice husk bio-char produced by liquefaction and application for cationic dye (Malachite green) adsorption, Fuel, 155 (2015) 77-85.
9
[10] H. Sadegh, R. Shahryari-ghoshekandi, S. Agarwal, I. Tyagi, M. Asif, V.K. Gupta, Microwaveassisted removal of malachite green by carboxylate functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes: Kinetics and equilibrium study, J. Mol. Liq. 206 (2015) 151-158.
10
[11] M. Setareh Derakhshan, O. Moradi, The study of thermodynamics and kinetics methyl orange and malachite green by SWCNTs, SWCNT-COOH and SWCNT-NH2 as adsorbents from aqueous solution, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 20 (2014) 3186-3194.
11
[12] R. Han, Y. Wang, Q. Sun, L. Wang, J. Song, X. He, C. Dou, Malachite green adsorption onto natural zeolite and reuse by microwave irradiation,J. Hazard. Mater. 175 (2010) 1056-1061.
12
[13] K.-Y.A. Lin, H.-A. Chang, Ultra-high adsorption capacity of zeolitic imidazole framework-67 (ZIF67) for removal of malachite green from water, Chemosphere, 67 (2015) 1-8.
13
[14] S. Arellano-Cárdenas, S. López-Cortez, M. Cornejo-Mazón, and J.C. Mares-Gutiérrez, Study of malachite green adsorption by organically modified clay using a batch method, Appl. Surf. Sci. 280 (2013) 74-78.
14
[15] E. Bulut, M. Özacar, I.A. Şengil, Adsorption of malachite green onto bentonite: Equilibrium and kinetic studies and process design, Micropor. Mesopor. Mat. 115 (2008) 234-246.
15
[16] L. Zhang, H. Zhang, W. Guo, Y. Tian, Removal of malachite green and crystal violet cationic dyes from aqueous solution using activated sintering process red mud, Appl. Clay Sci. 93-94 (2014) 85-93.
16
[17] M.K. Dahri, M.R.R. Kooh, L.B.L. Lim, Water remediation using low cost adsorbent walnut shell for removal of malachite green: Equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamic and regeneration studies, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2 (2014) 1434-1444.
17
[18] K. Vijayaraghavan, F.D. Raja, Experimental characterisation and evaluation of perlite as a sorbent for heavy metal ions in single and quaternary solutions, J. Water Process Eng. 4 (2014) 179-184.
18
[19] P.M.Angelopoulos, D.I. Gerogiorgis, I. Paspaliaris, Mathematical modeling and process simulation of perlite grain expansion in a vertical electrical furnace, Appl. Math. Model. 38 (2014) 1799-1822.
19
[20] O. Sengul, S. Azizi, F. Karaosmanoglu, M.A. Tasdemir, Effect of expanded perlite on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete, Energy Build. 43 (2011) 671- 676.
20
[21] M. Alkan, M. Karadaş, M. Doǧan, Ö. Demirbaş, Zeta potentials of perlite samples in various electrolyte and surfactant media, Colloid. Surface. A, 259 (2005) 155-166.
21
[22] W.-J. Luo, Q. Gao, X.-L. Wu, C.-G. Zhou, Removal of cationic dye (Methylene blue) from aqueous solution by Humic acid-modified expanded perlite: experiment and theory, Sep. Sci. Technol. 49 (2014) 2400-2411.
22
[23] A. Sari, G. Şahinoğlu, M. Tüzen, Antimony (III) adsorption from aqueous solution using raw perlite and Mn-modified perlite: Equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51 (2012) 6877-6886. 86 E. Rostami et al. / Journal of Particle Science and Technology 3 (2017) 79-87.
23
[24] G. Vijayakumar, R. Tamilarasan, M. Dharmendirakumar, Adsorption, kinetic, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on the removal of basic dye Rhodamine-B from aqueous solution by the use of natural adsorbent perlite, J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 3 (2012) 157-170.
24
[25] R.Appiah-ntiamoah, T.X. Mai, F.W.Y. Momade, H. Kim, Adsorption of benzene from aqueous solution using base modified expanded perlite, Adv. Mater. Res. 622-623 (2013) 1779-1783.
25
[26] S. Kabra, S. Katara, A. Rani, Characterization and study of Turkish Perlite,, Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci., Eng. Technol. 2 (2013) 4319-4326.
26
[27] M.G.A Vieira, A.F. Almeida Neto, M.L. Gimenes, M.G.C. da Silva,Removal of nickel onBofe bentonite calcined clay in porous bed, J. Hazard. Mater., 176 (2010) 109-118.
27
[28] S. Chowdhury, R. Mishra, P. Saha, P. Kushwaha, Adsorption thermodynamics, kinetics and isosteric heat of adsorption of malachite green onto chemically modified rice husk, Desalination, 265 (2011) 159- 168.
28
[29] D. Wang, L. Liu, X. Jiang, J. Yu, X. Chen, Adsorption and removal of malachite green from aqueous solution using magnetic β-cyclodextringraphene oxide nanocomposites as adsorbents, Colloid. Surface. A, 466 (2015) 166-173.
29
[30] Y. Zhou, Y. Min, H. Qiao, Q. Huang, E. Wang, T. Ma, Improved removal of malachite green from aqueoussolution using chemically modified cellulose by anhydride, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 74 (2015) 271- 277.
30
[31] M. Doǧan, M. Alkan, A. Türkyilmaz, Y. Özdemir, Kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue by adsorption onto perlite, J. Hazard. Mater., 109 (2004) 141-148.
31
[32] L. Wang, J. Zhang, R. Zhao, C. Li, Y. Li, C. Zhang, Adsorption of basic dyes on activated carbon prepared from Polygonum orientale Linn: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies, Desalination, 254 (2010) 68-74.
32
[33] T. Bhagavathi Pushpa, J. Vijayaraghavan, S.J. Sardhar Basha, V. Sekaran, K. Vijayaraghavan, J. Jegan, Investigation on removal of malachite green using EM based compost as adsorbent, Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 118 (2015) 177-182.
33
[34] M.G. Mostafa, Y.H. Chen, J.S. Jean, C.C. Liu, Y.C. Lee, Kinetics and mechanism of arsenate removal by nanosized iron oxide-coated perlite, J. Hazard. Mater. 187 (2011) 89-95.
34
[35] B. Acemioǧlu, Batch kinetic study of sorption of methylene blue by perlite, Chem. Eng. J. 106 (2005) 73-81.
35
[36] N. Tekin, A. Dinçer, Ö. Demirbaş, M. Alkan, Adsorption of cationic polyacrylamide (C-PAM) on expanded perlite, Appl. Clay Sci. 50 (2010) 125-129.
36
[37] H. Ghassabzadeh, M. Torab-Mostaedi, A. Mohaddespour, M.G. Maragheh, S.J. Ahmadi, P. Zaheri, Characterizations of Co(II) and Pb(II) removal process from aqueous solutions using expanded perlite, Desalination, 261 (2010) 73-79.
37
[38] Z. Talip, M. Eral, and Ü. Hiçsönmez, Adsorption of thorium from aqueous solutions by perlite, J. Environ. Radioact. 100 (2009) 139-143.
38
[39] A.K. Sarkar, A. Pal, S. Ghorai, N.R. Mandre, S. Pal, Efficient removal of malachite green dye using biodegradable graft copolymer derived from amylopectin and poly(acrylic acid), Carbohyd. Polym. 111 (2014) 108-115.
39
[40] B.H. Hameed, M.I. El-Khaiary, Batch removal of malachite green from aqueoussolutions by adsorption on oil palm trunk fibre: Equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies, J. Hazard. Mater. 154 (2008) 237-244.
40
[41] S. Banerjee, Y.C. Sharma, Equilibrium and kinetic studies for removal of malachite green from aqueous solution by a low cost activated carbon, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 19 (2013) 1099-1105.
41
[42] H. Ghassabzadeh, A. Mohadespour, M. TorabMostaedi, P. Zaheri, M.G. Maragheh, H. Taheri, Adsorption of Ag, Cu and Hg from aqueous solutions using expanded perlite, J. Hazard. Mater. 177 (2010) 950-955.
42
[43] V.M. Muinde, J.M. Onyari, B. Wamalwa, J. Wabomba, R.M. Nthumbi, Adsorption of malachite green from aqueoussolutions onto rice husks: Kinetic and equilibrium studes, J. Environ. Protect. 8 (2017) 215-230.
43
[44] M. Ghaedi, N. Mosallanejad, Study of competitive adsorption of malachite green and sunset yellow dyes on cadmium hydroxide nanowires loaded on activated carbon, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 20 (2014) 1085- 1096.
44
[45] H. Singh, G. Chauhan, A.K. Jain, S.K. Sharma, Adsorptive potential of agricultural wastes for removal of dyes from aqueous solutions, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 5 (2017) 122-135.
45
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Drying of calcium carbonate in a batch spouted bed dryer: optimization and kinetics modeling
In the present work, the drying of calcium carbonate in a batch spouted bed dryer with inert particles has been investigated experimentally. The effect of several operating parameters including air temperature (90, 100, and 110 ˚C), air velocity (Ums, 1.2 Ums, and 1.5 Ums), and dry solid mass (5, 10, 20 g) has been studied. The Taguchi method has been applied to determine the optimal parameters and also to reduce the number of required experimental runs. It has been found that the dryer performance was affected by all parameters. It has also been found that drying with 5 g dry solid at a temperature of 100 ˚C and a velocity of 1.2 Ums leads to maximum drying efficiency. Additionally, the effect of air inlet velocity and temperature on the drying kinetics of calcium carbonate has been investigated. Several semi-theoretical models with temperature and velocity dependent parameters have been selected to estimate the drying kinetics. The performance of all fitted models was acceptable but the logarithmic model was the best model in terms of the statistical analysis.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_599_68d1cf9240de48c5c7e7c7993b977d93.pdf
2017-06-01
89
99
10.22104/jpst.2017.2257.1087
Spouted bed dryer
Drying kinetics
Taguchi method
Drying effective efficiency
Modeling
Sadegh
Beigi
sadeghebeigi@yahoo.com
1
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Amin
Sobati
sobati@iust.ac.ir
2
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amir
Charkhi
acharkhi@aeoi.org.ir
3
Material and Nuclear Fuel research school, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] G. Zhu, H. Li, S. Li, X. Hou, D. Xu, R. Lin, Q. Tang, Crystallization behavior and kinetics of calcium carbonate in highly alkaline and supersaturated system, J. Cryst. Growth, 428 (2015) 16-23.
1
[2] T. Stirnimann, S. Atria, J. Schoelkopf, P.A. Gane, R. Alles, J. Huwyler, M. Puchkov, Compaction of functionalized calcium carbonate, a porous and crystalline microparticulate material with a lamellar surface, Int. J. Pharm. 466 (2014) 266-275.
2
[3] C. Bacher, P. Olsen, P. Bertelsen, J. Kristensen, J. Sonnergaard, Improving the compaction properties of roller compacted calcium carbonate, Int. J. Pharm. 342 (2007) 115-123.
3
[4] T. Paseephol, D.M. Small, F. Sherkat, Lactulose production from milk concentration permeate using calcium carbonate-based catalysts, Food Chem. 111 (2008) 283-290.
4
[5] H. Zhang, J. Chen, H. Zhou, G. Wang, J. Yun, Preparation of nano-sized precipitated calcium carbonate for PVC plastisol rheology modification, J. Mater. Sci. 21 (2002) 1305-1306.
5
[6] M. Di Lorenzo, M. Errico, M. Avella, Thermal and morphological characterization of poly (ethylene terephthalate)/calcium carbonate nanocomposites, J. Mater. Sci. 37 (2002) 2351-2358.
6
[7] J. Gullichsen, C-J. Fogelholm, Papermaking science and technology book 6A: chemical pulping, Finish Paper Engineers Association and TAPPI, Finland, 1999.
7
[8] C. Petersen, C. Heldmann, D. Johannsmann, Internal stresses during film formation of polymer latices, Langmuir, 15 (1999) 7745-7751.
8
[9] F. He, J. Zhang, F. Yang, J. Zhu, X. Tian, X. Chen, In vitro degradation and cell response of calcium carbonate composite ceramic in comparison with other synthetic bone substitute materials, Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 50 (2015) 257-265.
9
[10] L. Simão, R. Caldato, M. Innocentini, O. Montedo, Permeability of porous ceramic based on calcium carbonate as pore generating agent, Ceram. Int. 41 (2015) 4782-4788.
10
[11] C. Nover, H. Dillenburg, US Patent No. 0276897A1, (issued Dec. 15, 2005).
11
[12] J.B. Foster, EP Patent No. 1790616A1, (issued May. 30, 2007).
12
[13] J.B. Foster, EP Patent No. 1790616B1, (issued Mar. 9, 2011).
13
[14] S. Teir, S. Eloneva, R. Zevenhoven, Production of precipitated calcium carbonate from calcium silicates and carbon dioxide, Energ. Convers. Manage. 46 (2005) 2954-2979.
14
[15] T. Vehmas, U. Kanerva, E. Holt, Spray-Dry Agglomerated Nanoparticles in Ordinary Portland Cement Matrix, Mater. Sci. Appl. 5 (2014) 837-844.
15
[16] M. Markowski, I. Białobrzewski, A. Modrzewska, Kinetics of spouted-bed drying of barley: Diffusivities for sphere and ellipsoid, J. Food Eng. 96 (2010) 380-387.
16
[17] N. Epstein, J.R. Grace, Spouted and spout-fluid beds: fundamentals and applications, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
17
[18] A.D.A. Araújo, R.M. Coelho, C.P.M. Fontes, A.R.A. Silva, J.M.C. da Costa, S. Rodrigues, Production and spouted bed drying of acerola juice containing oligosaccharides, Food Bioprod. Process. 94 (2015) 565-571.
18
[19] Z.L. Arsenijević, Z.B. Grbavcić, R.V. Garić-Grulović, Drying of suspensions in the draft tube spouted bed, Can. J. Chem. Eng. 82 (2004) 450-464.
19
[20] S. Tia, C. Tangsatitkulchai, P. Dumronglaohapun, Continuous drying of slurry in a jet spouted bed, Drying Technol. 13 (1995) 1825-1840.
20
[21] K. Mathur, N. Epstein, Spouted Beds, Academic Press, New York, 1974.
21
[22] F.G. Cunha, K.G. Santos, C.H. Ataíde, N. Epstein, M.A. Barrozo, Annatto powder production in a spouted bed: an experimental and CFD study, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 48 (2008) 976-982.
22
[23] Z.B. Grbavcic, Z.L. Arsenijevic, R.V. Garic-Grulovic, Drying of slurries in fluidized bed of inert particles, Drying Technol. 22 (2004) 1793-1812.
23
[24] M. Passos, A. Mujumdar, Effect of cohesive forces on fluidized and spouted beds of wet particles, Powder Technol. 110 (2000) 222-238.
24
[25] M. Passos, G. Massarani, J. Freire, and A. Mujumdar, Drying of pastes in spouted beds of inert particles: Design criteria and modeling, Drying Technol., 15 (1997) 605-624.
25
[26] T. Kudra, A.S. Mujumdar, Advanced drying technologies, Second Ed. CRC Press, 2009.
26
[27] T. Schneider, J. Bridgwater, The stability of wet spouted beds, Drying Technol. 11 (1993) 277-301.
27
[28] Q. Guo, S. Hikida, Y. Takahashi, N. Nakagawa, K. Kato, Drying of microparticle slurry and salt-water solution by a powder-particle spouted bed, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 29 (1996) 152-158.
28
[29] T. Nakazato, Y. Liu, K. Sato, K. Kato, Semi-dry process for production of very fine calcium carbonate powder by a powder-particle spouted bed, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 35 (2002) 409-414.
29
[30] M. Benali M. Amazouz, Effect of Drying Aid Agents on Processing of Sticky Materials, Dev. Chem. Eng. Min. Process. 10 (2002) 401-414.
30
[31] Z.L. Arsenijević, Ž.B. Grbavčić, R.V. Garić-Grulović, Prediction of the particle circulation rate in a draft tube spouted bed suspension dryer, J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 71 (2006) 401-412.
31
[32] Z.L. Arsenijević, Ž.B. Grbavčić, R.V. Garić-Grulović, Drying of solutions and suspensions in the modified spouted bed with draft tube, J. Therm. Sci. 6 (2002) 47-70.
32
[33] A. Almeida, F. Freire, J. Freire, Transient analysis of pasty material drying in a spouted bed of inert particles, Dry. Technol. 28 (2010) 330-340.
33
[34] S.M. Tasirin, S.K. Kamarudin, J.A. Ghani, K. Lee, Optimization of drying parameters of bird’s eye chilli in a fluidized bed dryer, J. Food Eng. 80 (2007) 695-700.
34
[35] R. Moreno, G. Antolín, A. Reyes, Thermal behaviour of forest biomass drying in a mechanically agitated fluidized bed, Lat. Am. Appl. Res. 37 (2007) 105-113.
35
[36] K. Uday, J. Prathyusha, D. Singh, P. Apte, Application of the Taguchi Method in Establishing Criticality of Parameters that Influence Cracking Characteristics of Fine-Grained Soils, Dry. Technol. 33 (2015) 1138-1149.
36
[37] S.K. Karna, R. Sahai, An overview on Taguchi method, Int. J. Eng. Math. Sci. 1 (2012) 1-7.
37
[38] S.M. Tasirin, I. Puspasari, L.J. Xing, Z. Yaakob, J.A. Ghani, Energy optimization of fluidized bed drying of orange peel using Taguchi method, World Appl. Sci. J. 26 (2013) 1602-1609.
38
[39] S. Athreya, Y. Venkatesh, Application of Taguchi method for optimization of process parameters in improving the surface roughness of lathe facing operation, Int. Ref. J. Eng. Sci. 1 (2012) 13-19.
39
[40] H.-H. Chen, C.-C. Chung, H.-Y. Wang, T.-C. Huang, Application of Taguchi method to optimize extracted ginger oil in different drying conditions, IPCBEE May, 9 (2011) 310-316.
40
[41] J. López-Cacho, P.L. González-R, B. Talero, A. Rabasco, M. González-Rodríguez, Robust optimization of alginate-carbopol 940 bead formulations, Sci. World J. (2012) 1-15, Article ID 605610.
41
[42] M. Perea-Flores, V. Garibay-Febles, J.J. Chanona-Perez, G. Calderon-Dominguez, J.V. Mendez-Mendez, E. Palacios-González, G.F. Gutierrez-Lopez, Mathematical modelling of castor oil seeds (Ricinus communis) drying kinetics in fluidized bed at high temperatures, Ind. Crops Prod. 38 (2012) 64-71.
42
[43] E.K. Akpinar, Determination of suitable thin layer drying curve model for some vegetables and fruits, J. Food Eng. 73 (2006) 75-84.
43
[44] S. Azzouz, A. Guizani, W. Jomaa, A. Belghith, Moisture diffusivity and drying kinetic equation of convective drying of grapes, J. Food Eng. 55 (2002) 323-330.
44
[45] W.K. Lewis, The Rate of Drying of Solid Materials, Ind. Eng. Chem. 13 (1921) 427-432.
45
[46] G.E. Page, Factors Influencing the Maximum Rates of Air Drying Shelled Corn in Thin layers, M.Sc. Thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 1949.
46
[47] S. Hendreson, S. Pabis, Grain drying theory. I. Temperature effect on drying coefficients, J. Agr. Eng. Res. 6 (1961) 169-174.
47
[48] A. Yagcioglu, Drying characteristic of laurel leaves under different conditions, In: A. Bascetincelik (ED.), Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy, Adana, Turkey, (1999) 565-569.
48
[49] A. Balbay, Ö. Şahin, Microwave drying kinetics of a thin-layer liquorice root, Dry. Technol. 30 (2012) 859-864.
49
[50] G. Dadalı, D. Kılıç Apar, B. Özbek, Microwave drying kinetics of okra, Dry. Technol. 25 (2007) 917-924.
50
[51] O. Yaldýz, C. Ertekýn, Thin layer solar drying of some vegetables, Dry. Technol. 19 (2001) 583-597.
51
[52] A. Magalhães, C. Pinho, Spouted bed drying of cork stoppers, Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif., 47 (2008) 2395-2401.
52
[53] J.C. Lagarias, J.A. Reeds, M.H. Wright, P.E. Wright, Convergence properties of the Nelder-Mead simplex method in low dimensions, SIAM J. Optim. 9 (1998) 112-147.
53
[54] J. Stoer, R. Bulirsch, Introduction to numerical analysis, Second Ed., Springer-Verlag New York, 2013.
54
[55] M. Satter, Optimization of copra drying factors by Taguchi method, 4th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka, Bangladesh (ICME2001) (2001) III 23-27.
55
[56] A.S. Mujumdar, Principles, classification, and selection of dryers, Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Ed, CRC Press, 2014.
56
[57] W. Wagner, A. Pruß, The IAPWS formulation 1995 for the thermodynamic properties of ordinary water substance for general and scientific use, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data. 31 (2002) 387-535.
57
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Application of response surface methodology for thorium(IV) removal using Amberlite IR-120 and IRA-400: Ion exchange equilibrium and kinetics
In this work, thorium (IV) removal from aqueous solutions was investigated in batch systems of cationic and anionic resins of Amberlite IR-120 and IRA-400. In this way, the effects of pH, initial Th(IV) concentration and the amount of adsorbent were investigated. A Central Composite Design (CCD) under Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimized condition. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of Th(IV) onto IR-120 and IRA-400 either discretely or in combination, albeit with equal mass fraction, was determined as follows: 98.09% , 65.70% and 72.19% at pH=3.23, 6 and 4.07, initial Th(IV) concentration of 78.2, 30 and 55.4 mg.L-1 and 2.08, 2.5 and 2.2 g.L-1 of resin, respectively. The kinetic and equilibrium data were accurately described by the pseudo-second order and Langmuir models. The results showed that IR-120 is a suitable adsorbent for thorium removal from aqueous solutions.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_600_629e718c47da9451362919cc83fd2a89.pdf
2017-06-01
101
112
10.22104/jpst.2017.2267.1088
Th(IV) Removal
Response surface methodology
Central Composite Design
Ion Exchange Resin
Ehsan
Zamani souderjani
ehsan_zamani@alumni.ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Collage of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali Reza
Keshtkar
akeshtkar@aeoi.org.ir
2
Nuclear Fuel Cycle School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Mousavian
moosavian@ut.ac.ir
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Collage of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] D.I. Ryabchikov, E.K. Gol'braikh, The Analytical Chemistry of Thorium, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1963.
1
[2] G.R. Choppin, Actinide speciation in the environment, Radiochim. Acta, 91 (2003) 645-650.
2
[3] J.D. Van Horn, H. Huang, Uranium(VI) biocoordination chemistry from biochemical, solution and protein structural data, Coord. Chem. Rev. 250 (2006) 765-775.
3
[4] A.R. Keshtkar, M. Irani, M.A. Moosavian, Removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption using a novel electrospun PVA/TEOS/APTES hybrid nanofiber membrane: comparison with casting PVA/ TEOS/APTES hybrid Membrane,J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 295 (2013) 563-571.
4
[5] M. Metaxas, V. Kasselouri-Rigopoulou, P. Galiatsatou, C. Konstantopoulou, D. Oikonomou, Thorium removal by different adsorbents, J. Hazard. Mater. 97 (2003) 71-82.
5
[6] Z. Hongxia, D. Zheng, T. Zuyi, Sorption of thorium (IV) ions on gibbsite: effects of contact time, pH, ionic strength, concentration, phosphate and fulvic acid, Colloid. Surface. A, 278 (2006) 46-52.
6
[7] A. Hamta, M.R. Dehghani, Application of polyethylene glycol based aqueous two-phase systems for extraction of heavy metals, J. Mol. Liq. 231 (2017) 20-24.
7
[8] S. Chandramouleeswaran, J. Ramkumar, V. Sudarsan, A.V.R. Reddy, Boroaluminosilicate glasses: novel sorbents for separation of Th and U, J. Hazard. Mater. 198 (2011) 159-164.
8
[9] J. Ramkumar, S. Chandramouleeswaran, V. Sudarsan, R.K. Vatsa, S. Shobha, V.K. Shrikhande, G.P. Kothiyal, T. Mukherjee, Boroaluminosilicate glasses as ion exchange materials, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 356 (2010) 2813-2819.
9
[10] A. Dyer, L.C. Jozefowicz, The removal of thorium from aqueous solutions using zeolites, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 159 (1992) 47-62.
10
[11] L. Weijuan, T. Zuyi, Comparative study on Th(IV) sorption on alumina and silica fromaqueoussolutions, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 254 (2002) 187-192.
11
[12] A. Nilchi, T. Shariati Dehaghan, S. Rasouli Garmarodi, Kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamics for uraniumand thoriumions adsorption fromaqueous solutions by crystalline tin oxide nanoparticles, Desalination, 321 (2013) 67-71.
12
[13] S. Abbasizadeh, A.R. Keshtkar, M.A. Mousavian, Preparation of a novel electrospun polyvinyl alcohol/ titanium oxide nanofiber adsorbent modified with mercapto groups for uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) removal from aqueous solution, Chem. Eng J. 220 (2013) 161-171.
13
[14] J.S.Kentish,G.W.Stevens,Innovationsin separation technology for the recycling and re-use of liquid waste streams, Chem. Eng. J. 84 (2001) 149-159.
14
[15] A.A. Khan and R.P. Singh, Adsorption thermodynamics of carbofuran on Sn (IV) arsenosilicate in H+ , Na+ and Ca2+ forms, Colloid. Surface. A, 24 (1987) 33-42.
15
[16] C.H. Lee, J.S. Kim, M.Y. Suh, W. Lee, A chelating resin containing 4-(2- thiazolylazo) resorcinol as the functional group synthesis and sorption behaviours for trace metal ions, Anal. Chim. Acta, 339 (1997) 303-312.
16
[17] J.P. Rawat, K.P.S. Muktawat, Thermodynamics of ion-exchange on ferric antimonite, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 43 (1981) 2121-2128.
17
[18] D.C. Sherrington, Preparation, structure and morphology of polymer supports, Chem. Commun. 21 (1998) 2275-2286.
18
[19] J.H. Song, K.H. Yeon, S.H. Moon, Effect of current density on ionic transport and water dissociation phenomena in a continuous electrodeionization (CEDI), J. Membrane Sci. 291 (2007) 165-171.
19
[20] J.S. Park, J.H. Song, K.H. Yeon, S.H. Moon, Removal of hardness ion from tap water using electromembrane processes, Desalination, 202 (2007) 1-8.
20
[21] H.J. Lee, M.K. Hong, S.H. Moon, A feasibility study on water softening by electrodeionization with the periodic polarity change, Desalination, 284 (2012) 221-227.
21
[22] T. Ho, A. Kurup, T. Davis, J. Hestekin, Wafer chemistry and properties for ion removal by wafer enhanced electrodeionization, Sep. Sci. Technol. 45 (2010) 433-446.
22
[23] K. Dermentzis, Continuous electrodeionization through electrostatic shielding, Electrochim. Acta, 53 (2008) 2953-2962.
23
[24] B.N. Singh, B. Maiti, Separation and preconcentration of U(VI) on XAD-4 modified with 8-hydroxy quinoline, Talanta, 69 (2006) 393-396.
24
[25] S. Chandramouleeswaran, Jayshree Ramkumar, n-Benzoyl-n-phenylhydroxylamine impregnated Amberlite XAD-4 beads for selective removal of thorium, J. Hazard. Mater. 280 (2014) 514-523.
25
[26] A. Demirbas, E. Pehlivan, F. Gode, T. Altun, G. Arslan, Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution on Amberlite IR120 synthetic resin, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 282 (2005) 20-25.
26
[27] F. Semnani, Z. Asadi, M. Samadfam, H. Sepehrian, Uranium(VI) sorption behavior onto amberlite CG400 anion exchange resin:Effects of pH, contact time, temperature and presence of phosphate, Ann. Nucl. Energy, 48 (2012) 21-24.
27
[28] S. Rengaraj, K.H. Yeon, S.Y. Kang, J.U. Lee, K.W. Kim, S.H. Moon, Studies on adsorptive removal of Co(II), Cr(III) and Ni(II) by IRN77 cation-exchange resin, J. Hazard. Mater. 92 (2002) 185-198.
28
[29] M. Singh, A. Sengupta, Sk. Jayabun, T. Ippili. Understanding the extraction mechanism, radiolytic stability and stripping behavior of thorium by ionic liquid based solvent systems: evidence of ionexchange and solvation mechanism, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Ch. 311 (2017) 195-208.
29
[30] M. Elibol, D. Ozer, Response surface analysis of lipase production by freely suspended Rhizopus arrhizus, Process Biochem. 38 (2002) 367-372.
30
[31] M. Gavrilescu, Removal of heavy metals from the environment by biosorption, Eng. Life Sci. 4 (2004) 219-232.
31
[32] F. Ghorbani, H. Younesi, S.M. Ghasempouri, A.A. Zinatizadeh, M. Amini, A. Daneshi, Application of response surface methodology for optimization of cadmium biosorption in an aqueous solution by saccharomyces serevisiae, Chem. Eng. J. 145 (2008) 267-275.
32
[33] V.K. Gupta, B. Gupta, A. Rastogi, S. Agarwal, A. Nayak, A comparative investigation on adsorption performances of mesoporous activated carbon prepared from waste rubber tire and activated carbon for a hazardous azo dye-Acid Blue 113, J. Hazard. Mater. 186 (2011) 891-901.
33
[34] V.K. Gupta, A. Mittal, A. Malviya, and J. Mittal, Adsorption of carmoisine a from waste materialsbottom ash and deoiled soya, J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 355 (2009) 24–33.
34
[35] T.S. Anirudhan, S. Jalajamony, Ethylthiosemicarbazide intercalated organophilic calcined hydrotalcite as a potential sorbent for the removal of uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) ions from aqueous solutions, J. Env. Sci. 25 (2013) 717-725.
35
[36] G.H. Mirzabe, A.R. Keshtkar, Application of response surface methodology for thorium adsorption on PVA/Fe3O4/SiO2/APTES nanohybrid adsorbent, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 26 (2015) 277-285.
36
[37] T.S. Anirudhan, S. Rijith, A.R. Tharun, Adsorptive removal of thorium(IV) from aqueous solution using poly (methacrylic acid)-grafted chitosan/bentonite composite matrix: Process design and equilibrium studies, Colloid. Surface. A, 368 (2010) 13-22.
37
[38] I. Langmuir, The constitution and fundamental properties of solids and liquids. part I. solids, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 38 (1916) 2221-2295.
38
[39] Y.S. Ho, G. Mckay, Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes, Process Biochem. 34 (1999) 451-465.
39
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of mass transfer coefficients in irregular packed liquid-liquid extraction columns in the presence of various nanoparticles
In the present study, the effect of various nanofluids on mass transfer coefficients in an irregular packed liquid-liquid extraction column was investigated. The chemical system of toluene–acetic acid–water was used. 10 nm SiO2, TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles with various concentrations were dispersed in toluene-acid acetic to provide nanofluids. The influence of concentration and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of nanoparticle on mass transfer coefficient was discussed. The experimental results show that the mass transfer coefficient enhancement depends on the kind and the concentration of nanoparticles. The maximum enhancement of 35%, 245% and 207% was achieved for 0.05 vol% of SiO2, TiO2 and ZrO2 nanofluids, respectively. A new conceptual model was proposed for prediction of the effective diffusivity as a function of nanoparticle concentration, drop size and drop Reynolds number.
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_601_9f3ad72fedbe5eb588f3bab6ca33cc6e.pdf
2017-06-01
113
120
10.22104/jpst.2017.2233.1084
Liquid-liquid extraction
nanoparticles
Mass transfer coefficient
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic
Ali
Vesal
ali_vesal@chemeng.iust.ac.ir
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Rahbar-Kelishami
ahmadrahbar@iust.ac.ir
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Toraj
Mohammadi
torajmohammadi@iust.ac.ir
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] R. Saidura, K.Y. Leongb, H.A. Mohammad, A review onapplications and challenges of nanofluids, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 15 (2011) 1646-1668.
1
[2] S. Krishnamurthy, P. Bhattacharya, P.E. Phelan, R.S. Prasher, Enhanced mass transport in nanofluids, Nano Lett. 6 (2006) 419-42.
2
[3] B. Olle, S. Bucak, T.C. Holmes, L. Bromberg, T.A. Hatton, D.I.C. Wang, Enhancement of oxygen mass transfer using functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45 (2006) 4355-4363.
3
[4] H. Zhu, B.H. Shanks, T.J. Heindel, Enhancing CO-water mass transfer by functionalized MCM-41 nanoparticles, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 47 (2008) 7881-7887.
4
[5] X. Fang, Y. Xuan, Q. Li, Experimental investigation on enhanced mass transfer in nanofluids, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 (2009) 203108.
5
[6] J. Veilleux, S. Coulombe, A total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy study of mass diffusion enhancement in water-based alumina nanofluids, Appl. Phys. 108 (2010) 104316-104318.
6
[7] J.K. Lee, J. Koo, H. Hong, Y.T. Kang, The effects of nanoparticles on absorption heat and mass transfer performance in NH3/H2O binary nanofluids, Int. J. Refrig. 33 (2010) 269-275.
7
[8] C. Pang, W. Wub, W. Sheng, H. Zhang, Y.T. Kang, Mass transfer enhancement by binary nanofluids (NH3/H2O + Ag nanoparticles) for bubble absorption process, In. J. Refrig. 35 (2012) 2240-2247.
8
[9] I.T. Pineda, J.W. Lee, I. Jung, Y.T. Kang, CO2 absorption enhancement by methanol-based Al2O3 and SiO2 nanofluids in a tray column absorber, Int. J. Refrig. 35 (2012) 1402-1409.
9
[10] H. Beiki, M. Nasr Esfahany, N. Etesami, Laminar forced convective mass transfer of g-Al2O3/electrolyte nanofluid in a circular tube, Int. J. Therm. Sci. 64 (2013) 251-256.
10
[11] H. Beiki, M. Nasr Esfahany, N. Etesami, Turbulent mass transfer of Al2O3 and TiO2 electrolyte nanofluids in circular tube, Microfluid. Nanofluid. 15 (2013) 501-508.
11
[12] A. Bahmanyar, N. Khoobi, M.R. Mozdianfard, H. Bahmanyar, The influence of nanoparticles on hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfer performance in a pulsed liquid-liquid extraction column, Chem. Eng. Process. 50 (2011) 1198-1206.
12
[13] A. Bahmanyar; N. Khoobi, M.M.A. Moharrer, H. Bahmanyar, Mass transfer from nanofluid drops in a pulsed liquid-liquid extraction column, Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 92 (2014) 2313-2323.
13
[14] J. Saien, H. Bamdadi, Mass transfer from nanofluid single drops in liquid-liquid extraction process, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51 (2012) 5157-5166.
14
[15] J. Saien, H. Bamdadi, Sh. Daliri, Liquid-liquid extraction intensification with magnetite nanofluid single drops under oscillating magnetic field, Ind. Eng. Chem, 21, 1152–1159.
15
[16] A. Rahbar-Kelishami, S.N. Ashrafizadeh, M. Rahnamaee, The effect of type and concentration of nano-particles on the mass transfer coefficients: experimental and Sherwood number correlating, Sep. Sci. Technol. 50 (2015) 1776-1784.
16
[17] A. Rahbar, Z. Azizi, H. Bahmanyar, M.A. Moosavian, Prediction of enhancement factor for mass transfer coefficient in regular packed liquid-liquid extraction columns, Can. J. Chem. Eng. 89 (2011) 508-519.
17
[18] R.E. Treybal, Mass transfer operations, 3rd Ed., McGraw Hill, Japan, 1990.
18
[19] A.B. Newman, The drying of porous solids: Diffusions and surface emission equations, T. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. 27 (1931) 203-220.
19