Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
A Review of Manufacturing Process of Polyethylene Pipe and Connectors for Applying in High-Pressure Natural Gas Pipelines
129
140
EN
Omid
Moini Jazani
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
o.moini@eng.ui.ac.ir
Reyhaneh
Khalafi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
kholfi@eng.ui.ac.ir
Mohammad
Khosravi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
khosravi@eng.ui.ac.ir
Mohammad Reza
Hassanpour
Research and Development Unit, Isfahan Gas Company, Isfahan, Iran
hassanpour@eng.ui.ac.ir
Danial
Dadkhah
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
dadkhahd@gmail.com
Mehdi
Mostafaeian
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
mehdi_mostafa1@yahoo.com
Mohammad Mahdi
Salehi
Polymer Science and Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran
salehimm@ripi.ir
Hossein
Riazi
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
riazi66hossein@gmail.com
10.22104/jpst.2015.136
In this article various pipes used for transporting of gas are introduced and pros and cons of each one are elucidated. The pipes are categorized in three different subgroups including metallic, polymeric and metallic-wire reinforced polymeric pipes. Metallic-wire reinforced polymeric pipes are nominated as the best option for usage in high pressure pipelines transporting natural gas. As a result, some information about major manufacturers of this kind of polymeric pipes, raw material, production process and metallic-wire orientation are presented. Finally, from economical point of view, some calculations are done to estimate required amount of polymer and metallic-wire to manufacture such pipes. It is also possible to compare their manufacturing cost with usual metallic and polymeric pipes.
different pipes,Gas transportation,high pressure,reinforced polyethylene,metal wire
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_136.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_136_031163d1ee3d9486ce4b0d99cf632a87.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
MHD Three-Dimensional Stagnation-Point Flow and Heat Transfer of a Nanofluid over a Stretching Sheet
141
151
EN
Aboutaleb
Ghadami Jadval Ghadam
Department of Chemical Engineering
aghadami80@gmail.com
Abed
Moradi
Department of Mechanical Engineering
abed.moradi9@gmail.com
10.22104/jpst.2015.178
In this study, the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer of stagnation-point flow in a nanofluid was investigated. The Navier–Stokes equations were reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using a similarity transform. The similarity equations were solved for three types of nanoparticles: copper, alumina and titania with water as the base fluid, to investigate the effect of the nanoparticle volume fraction parameter (ϕ), the magnetic parameter (M), the Prandtl number (Pr) and the velocity ratio parameter (ε) on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. The skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number as well as the velocity and temperature profiles for some values of the governing parameters were presented graphically and discussed. Effects of the solid volume fraction on the flow and heat transfer characteristics were thoroughly examined. It was observed that, for all three nonoparticles, the magnitude of the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number increases with enhancement in the nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ). In addition, the velocity of fluid increases by increasing M and ε and the temperature increases by decreasing M, ε and Pr. The highest values of the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number were obtained for the Cu nanoparticles compared to Al2O3 and TiO2.
Nanofluid,nanoparticles,Stagnation-point flow,MHD,Stretching plate
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_178.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_178_b111587e7f302407183c17ece5fa0ad7.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
An experimental investigation on drying kinetics of calcium carbonate
153
162
EN
Sadegh
Beigi
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
sadeghebeigi@chemeng.iust.ac.ir
Mohammad Amin
Sobati
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
sobati@iust.ac.ir
Amir
Charkhi
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box 11365-8486, Tehran, Iran
acharkhi@aeoi.org.ir
10.22104/jpst.2015.219
Calcium carbonate is a versatile mineral with diverse industrial applications. Drying is a necessary processing step in preparation of calcium carbonate product. Deep knowledge of drying kinetics is required in order to design an appropriate dryer. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the drying kinetics of calcium carbonate, experimentally. Thirteen empirical correlations with temperature-dependent constants were used to describe the thin-layer drying behavior of calcium carbonate. The correlation fitting results revealed that all examined empirical correlations were acceptable. But, the Page correlation was in the best agreement with experimental data. The effective moisture diffusivity was calculated within 8.61 × 10-9 to 10.40 × 10-9m2s-1 in the temperature range of 60 to 90˚C. The drying activation energy was also calculated to be 6.306 kJmol-1. The fitted correlations for the drying kinetics of calcium carbonate can be used to design an industrial dryer and also to estimate drying time in various drying conditions.
Calcium carbonate,Effective moisture diffusivity,Thin-layer drying,Drying rate,Empirical correlation
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_219.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_219_885c64138fa80a1ec170ff21fc394afe.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
Synthesis and characterization of Polyaniline Nanocomposite by Using Several Types of Surfactants in Aqueous Media
163
170
EN
Mohsen
Mehdipourghazi
Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum, and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, 35131-19111, Iran
mohsenmehdipour@semnan.ac.ir
Millad
Hallajighomi
Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum, and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
sos313@gmail.com
Farshad
Varaminian
Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Semnan University, 35131-19111, Semnan, Iran,
fvaraminian@yahoo.com
10.22104/jpst.2015.221
Polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite has been successfully prepared in aqueous<br />media by the chemical polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulphate<br />as an initiator in the presence of a steric stabilizer such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate<br />(DBSNa), Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(vinyl alcohol)<br />(PVA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC). The<br />chemical structure, morphology, thermal stability and thermal degradation of the<br />synthesized PANI nanocomposite were studied by different techniques such as<br />fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope<br />(SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and four-probe. The results revealed that surfactant<br />dispersed uniformly in polyanilin matrix and made a nanocomposite with<br />average crystallite size about 74 nm.
Nanocomposite,Conductive polymer,Surfactant,morphology,Chemical structure
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_221.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_221_0a895be5a42938826d7b8dc05fa1b3c4.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
Evaluation of the effect of granulation processing parameters on the granule properties: Lactose- Cornstarch case study
171
182
EN
Salman
Movahedirad
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
movahedirad@iust.ac.ir
Elham
Heydari
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
elhamheidari@chemeng.iust.ac.ir
Mohammad Amin
Sobati
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
sobati@iust.ac.ir
10.22104/jpst.2015.222
Understanding the relationship between processing parameters of fluidized bed wet granulation and the characteristics of intermediate and final products is crucial in the pharmaceutical processes. This research examined a fluidized bed wet granulation process containing a cornstarch solution as binder and lactose particles as powder. The design of experiment (DoE) was performed according to an L9 Taguchi method with three replications. The variables considered in the experimental design were binder flow rate, drying air temperature, spraying pressure, and initial mass of particle. The physical properties of the granules were evaluated in terms of granule mean size and granule size uniformity. A predictive model for each individual response was proposed. In addition, optimum conditions for each response were also obtained. Finally, the effect of the granule mean size on the flowability of granules was also investigated.
Fluidized Bed Granulation,Taguchi method,Granule Mean Size,Size Distribution,Flowability
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_222.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_222_6bf74d0d4f545ec9a5e3da31422b37d9.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Journal of Particle Science and Technology
2423-4087
2423-4079
1
3
2015
09
01
Synthesis and structural properties of Polyvinylpyrrolidone based nanocomposite hydrogels for isoniazid drug delivery
183
193
EN
Hassan
FathinrjadJirandehi
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Farahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Farahan, Iran
h.fathinejad@gmail.com
Maryam
adimi
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Farahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Farahan, Iran
maryam_ad1354@yahoo.com
Mokhtar
Heydari Naqdali
Department of Chemical Engineering, Farahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Farahan , Iran
ali.heidari9357211895@gmail.com
10.22104/jpst.2015.263
In this study, several examples of hydrogels and nanocomposite hydrogels based on PVP with different content of montmorillonite nanoclay were prepared. Then, the swelling of hydrogels and kinetics of drug delivery of hydrogel in an environment similar to the body (pH 7.4) were examined. The effect of nanoparticle different percentages on the hydrogel was clearly observed. Then kinetics of drug (Isoniazid) delivery for various samples of hydrogel with nanoparticles and without nanoparticles were obtained via Peppas and Higuchi models. The comparison of Peppas model results with experimental data showed that nanocomposite with 4% nanoclay exhibited better compliance. The morphology and microstructure of the prepared nanocomposites were studied by FT-IR, XRD and SEM.
Hydrogel nanocomposite,Polyvinylpyrrolidone,Swelling,Controlled release,Isoniazid
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_263.html
https://jpst.irost.ir/article_263_0e67549082a0feb9ead10f889fea31e1.pdf